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Pink Tourmaline
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Green Tourmaline
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Orange Tourmaline
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Yellow Tourmaline
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Paraiba Tourmaline
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Liddicoatite Tourmalines
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Indicolite Tourmaline
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White Tourmaline
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As it is found in all spectrums of color, Tourmaline is often described as the "chameleon gemstone". Though only pink tourmaline is the official birthstone for October. It is not surprising to find a fine tourmaline that mirrors the exact semblance of other gemstones, such as emerald, ruby and sapphire. Some tourmaline crystals may even appear as crystallized rainbows with several bands of color, ranging from the most brilliant red to the deepest blue. Many refer to tourmaline as the "muses' stone", for they believe that its imaginative colors contain inspirational powers which enable the mind of its beholder to bring forth illimitable vision and creativity. The name tourmaline is believed to have derived from the Sinhalese word, "turmali", meaning "mixed". With a hardness of 7-7.5, this multitudinous gem is ideal for all types of jewelry setting.
The most common colors are green and pink. The red variety is referred to as "rubellite", as its vibrant red color often resembles that of the finest rubies. A rare green chrome variety of tourmaline is also available, but in small quantities. An extremely rare variety is the Paraiba tourmaline. Found in Brazil, this gemstone exhibits very intense neon-like blue often comparable to the spectacular blue of the finest sapphires. Some tourmaline gems may contain two or more distinctive colors and are commonly known as bi-color, tri-color or parti-color tourmalines. Some color varieties of tourmaline are more included than others. For example it is common to find bi-color and multi-colors stones with visible inclusions.
Similar to the evaluation of other precious stones, the intensity of color and the clarity of the gemstone are the most important considerations. Green chrome and Paraiba tourmalines are the most expensive color varieties, due to their spectacular beauty and rarity. Fine rubellites and multi-color stones will command moderate to high prices depending on the color and clarity.